Simon Willison’s Weblog

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February 2026

171 posts: 10 entries, 46 links, 20 quotes, 13 notes, 76 beats, 6 chapters

Feb. 26, 2026

Release datasette 1.0a25 — An open source multi-tool for exploring and publishing data

If people are only using this a couple of times a week at most, and can’t think of anything to do with it on the average day, it hasn’t changed their life. OpenAI itself admits the problem, talking about a ‘capability gap’ between what the models can do and what people do with them, which seems to me like a way to avoid saying that you don’t have clear product-market fit.

Hence, OpenAI’s ad project is partly just about covering the cost of serving the 90% or more of users who don’t pay (and capturing an early lead with advertisers and early learning in how this might work), but more strategically, it’s also about making it possible to give those users the latest and most powerful (i.e. expensive) models, in the hope that this will deepen their engagement.

Benedict Evans, How will OpenAI compete?

# 3:44 am / openai, chatgpt, benedict-evans, ai

Release datasette-auth-tokens 0.4a12 — Datasette plugin for authenticating access using API tokens

Google API Keys Weren’t Secrets. But then Gemini Changed the Rules. (via) Yikes! It turns out Gemini and Google Maps (and other services) share the same API keys... but Google Maps API keys are designed to be public, since they are embedded directly in web pages. Gemini API keys can be used to access private files and make billable API requests, so they absolutely should not be shared.

If you don't understand this it's very easy to accidentally enable Gemini billing on a previously public API key that exists in the wild already.

What makes this a privilege escalation rather than a misconfiguration is the sequence of events. 

  1. A developer creates an API key and embeds it in a website for Maps. (At that point, the key is harmless.) 
  2. The Gemini API gets enabled on the same project. (Now that same key can access sensitive Gemini endpoints.) 
  3. The developer is never warned that the keys' privileges changed underneath it. (The key went from public identifier to secret credential).

Truffle Security found 2,863 API keys in the November 2025 Common Crawl that could access Gemini, verified by hitting the /models listing endpoint. This included several keys belonging to Google themselves, one of which had been deployed since February 2023 (according to the Internet Archive) hence predating the Gemini API that it could now access.

Google are working to revoke affected keys but it's still a good idea to check that none of yours are affected by this.

# 4:28 am / api-keys, google, security, gemini

Tool Mobile Data Tables: Responsive Patterns Demo — # Mobile Data Tables: Responsive Patterns Demo

It is hard to communicate how much programming has changed due to AI in the last 2 months: not gradually and over time in the "progress as usual" way, but specifically this last December. There are a number of asterisks but imo coding agents basically didn’t work before December and basically work since - the models have significantly higher quality, long-term coherence and tenacity and they can power through large and long tasks, well past enough that it is extremely disruptive to the default programming workflow. [...]

Andrej Karpathy

# 7:03 pm / andrej-karpathy, coding-agents, ai-assisted-programming, generative-ai, agentic-engineering, ai, llms, november-2025-inflection

Agentic Engineering Patterns >

Hoard things you know how to do

Many of my tips for working productively with coding agents are extensions of advice I've found useful in my career without them. Here's a great example of that: hoard things you know how to do.

A big part of the skill in building software is understanding what's possible and what isn't, and having at least a rough idea of how those things can be accomplished.

These questions can be broad or quite obscure. Can a web page run OCR operations in JavaScript alone? Can an iPhone app pair with a Bluetooth device even when the app isn't running? Can we process a 100GB JSON file in Python without loading the entire thing into memory first? [... 1,350 words]

# 8:33 pm / coding-agents, ai-assisted-programming, generative-ai, agentic-engineering, ai, llms

Release datasette-oauth 0.1a0 — Datasette as an OAuth provider
Release dclient 0.5a0 — A client CLI utility for Datasette instances
Release dclient 0.5a1 — A client CLI utility for Datasette instances

Feb. 27, 2026

Release dclient 0.5a2 — A client CLI utility for Datasette instances
Research Unicode Explorer — Binary Search Over HTTP — By leveraging HTTP Range requests and fixed-width binary records, Unicode Explorer demonstrates efficient binary search for Unicode data directly from a static file with zero backend or dependencies. The client fetches only one 256-byte record per step, using signposts from `meta.json` to optimize initial narrowing, then performs real-time network-driven binary search, visualized in an interactive log.
Tool Unicode Explorer — Binary Search Over HTTP — View Unicode characters and their properties through an interactive binary search algorithm that makes real HTTP Range requests to fetch individual records from a binary database. Enter a character or Unicode codepoint to see each step of the search visualized in a network log, including fetch times and comparisons.

Unicode Explorer using binary search over fetch() HTTP range requests. Here's a little prototype I built this morning from my phone as an experiment in HTTP range requests, and a general example of using LLMs to satisfy curiosity.

I've been collecting HTTP range tricks for a while now, and I decided it would be fun to build something with them myself that used binary search against a large file to do something useful.

So I brainstormed with Claude. The challenge was coming up with a use case for binary search where the data could be naturally sorted in a way that would benefit from binary search.

One of Claude's suggestions was looking up information about unicode codepoints, which means searching through many MBs of metadata.

I had Claude write me a spec to feed to Claude Code - visible here - then kicked off an asynchronous research project with Claude Code for web against my simonw/research repo to turn that into working code.

Here's the resulting report and code. One interesting thing I learned is that Range request tricks aren't compatible with HTTP compression because they mess with the byte offset calculations. I added 'Accept-Encoding': 'identity' to the fetch() calls but this isn't actually necessary because Cloudflare and other CDNs automatically skip compression if a content-range header is present.

I deployed the result to my tools.simonwillison.net site, after first tweaking it to query the data via range requests against a CORS-enabled 76.6MB file in an S3 bucket fronted by Cloudflare.

The demo is fun to play with - type in a single character like ø or a hexadecimal codepoint indicator like 1F99C and it will binary search its way through the large file and show you the steps it takes along the way:

Animated demo of a web tool called Unicode Explore. I enter the ampersand character and hit Search. A box below shows a sequence of HTTP binary search requests made, finding in 17 steps with 3,864 bytes transferred and telling me that ampersand is U+0026 in Punctuation other, Basic Latin

# 5:50 pm / algorithms, http, research, tools, unicode, ai, generative-ai, llms, ai-assisted-programming, vibe-coding, http-range-requests

Free Claude Max for (large project) open source maintainers (via) Anthropic are now offering their $200/month Claude Max 20x plan for free to open source maintainers... for six months... and you have to meet the following criteria:

  • Maintainers: You're a primary maintainer or core team member of a public repo with 5,000+ GitHub stars or 1M+ monthly NPM downloads. You've made commits, releases, or PR reviews within the last 3 months.
  • Don't quite fit the criteria If you maintain something the ecosystem quietly depends on, apply anyway and tell us about it.

Also in the small print: "Applications are reviewed on a rolling basis. We accept up to 10,000 contributors".

# 6:08 pm / open-source, ai, generative-ai, llms, anthropic, claude

Research Rust Word Cloud CLI — Leveraging Rust’s performance and safety, this CLI tool generates PNG word clouds directly from text input using a custom spiral layout algorithm and efficient grid-based collision detection. It supports flexible options for image size, font scaling, color schemes, and background colors, with all core features—such as stopword filtering, spatial indexing, and layout—implemented from scratch without any external word cloud library.

An AI agent coding skeptic tries AI agent coding, in excessive detail. Another in the genre of "OK, coding agents got good in November" posts, this one is by Max Woolf and is very much worth your time. He describes a sequence of coding agent projects, each more ambitious than the last - starting with simple YouTube metadata scrapers and eventually evolving to this:

It would be arrogant to port Python's scikit-learn — the gold standard of data science and machine learning libraries — to Rust with all the features that implies.

But that's unironically a good idea so I decided to try and do it anyways. With the use of agents, I am now developing rustlearn (extreme placeholder name), a Rust crate that implements not only the fast implementations of the standard machine learning algorithms such as logistic regression and k-means clustering, but also includes the fast implementations of the algorithms above: the same three step pipeline I describe above still works even with the more simple algorithms to beat scikit-learn's implementations.

Max also captures the frustration of trying to explain how good the models have got to an existing skeptical audience:

The real annoying thing about Opus 4.6/Codex 5.3 is that it’s impossible to publicly say “Opus 4.5 (and the models that came after it) are an order of magnitude better than coding LLMs released just months before it” without sounding like an AI hype booster clickbaiting, but it’s the counterintuitive truth to my personal frustration. I have been trying to break this damn model by giving it complex tasks that would take me months to do by myself despite my coding pedigree but Opus and Codex keep doing them correctly.

A throwaway remark in this post inspired me to ask Claude Code to build a Rust word cloud CLI tool, which it happily did.

# 8:43 pm / python, ai, rust, max-woolf, generative-ai, llms, ai-assisted-programming, coding-agents, agentic-engineering, november-2025-inflection

Tool Animated Word Cloud — View animated word cloud visualizations that use an Archimedean spiral placement algorithm to position words on a canvas. Each word spirals outward from the center until it finds an unoccupied space, with grid-based spatial indexing accelerating collision detection to handle large datasets efficiently. Control the animation playback speed, step through frames manually, download the final result as a PNG, or paste your own text to generate a custom word cloud.

Please, please, please stop using passkeys for encrypting user data (via) Because users lose their passkeys all the time, and may not understand that their data has been irreversibly encrypted using them and can no longer be recovered.

Tim Cappalli:

To the wider identity industry: please stop promoting and using passkeys to encrypt user data. I’m begging you. Let them be great, phishing-resistant authentication credentials.

# 10:49 pm / security, usability, passkeys

Feb. 28, 2026

Tool markdown-copy component — The `<markdown-copy>` component renders markdown content with built-in controls for viewing the rendered output and copying or viewing the source code. It provides an interactive interface with a menu button that allows users to toggle between the formatted markdown display and the raw markdown source, as well as quickly copy the markdown text to the clipboard.

Agentic Engineering Patterns >

Interactive explanations

When we lose track of how code written by our agents works we take on cognitive debt.

For a lot of things this doesn't matter: if the code fetches some data from a database and outputs it as JSON the implementation details are likely simple enough that we don't need to care. We can try out the new feature and make a very solid guess at how it works, then glance over the code to be sure.

Often though the details really do matter. If the core of our application becomes a black box that we don't fully understand we can no longer confidently reason about it, which makes planning new features harder and eventually slows our progress in the same way that accumulated technical debt does. [... 672 words]

# 11:09 pm / ai, llms, coding-agents, ai-assisted-programming, cognitive-debt, generative-ai, explorables, agentic-engineering

2026 » February

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